getElementsBySelector

W3C Selectors API를 사용하면 훨씬 더 간단하고 빠르게 사용할 수 있다.

IE 8, Firefox 3.5, Opera 10, Safari 3.2, Chrome 3, iPhone 2.2 이상 지원한다. IE 8은 58.8% 만 지원하기 때문에 사용에 주의할 필요가 있다. 보다 자세한 정보는 Browserscope 사이트에서 확인할 수 있다.

Simon Willison의 아주 유용한 스크립트로, CSS Selector를 이용해서 엘리먼트를 참조하게 해 준다. 리턴은 Array

/* document.getElementsBySelector(selector)
	 - returns an array of element objects from the current document
		 matching the CSS selector. Selectors can contain element names, 
		 class names and ids and can be nested. For example:

			 elements = document.getElementsBySelect('div#main p a.external')

		 Will return an array of all 'a' elements with 'external' in their 
		 class attribute that are contained inside 'p' elements that are 
		 contained inside the 'div' element which has id="main"

	 New in version 0.4: Support for CSS2 and CSS3 attribute selectors:
	 See http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#attribute-selectors

	 Version 0.4 - Simon Willison, March 25th 2003
	 -- Works in Phoenix 0.5, Mozilla 1.3, Opera 7, Internet Explorer 6, Internet Explorer 5 on Windows
	 -- Opera 7 fails 
*/

function getAllChildren(e) {
	// Returns all children of element. Workaround required for IE5/Windows. Ugh.
	return e.all ? e.all : e.getElementsByTagName('*');
}

document.getElementsBySelector = function(selector) {
	// Attempt to fail gracefully in lesser browsers
	if (!document.getElementsByTagName) {
		return new Array();
	}
	// Split selector in to tokens
	var tokens = selector.split(' ');
	var currentContext = new Array(document);
	for (var i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) {
		token = tokens[i].replace(/^\s+/,'').replace(/\s+$/,'');;
		if (token.indexOf('#') > -1) {
			// Token is an ID selector
			var bits = token.split('#');
			var tagName = bits[0];
			var id = bits[1];
			var element = document.getElementById(id);
			if (tagName && element.nodeName.toLowerCase() != tagName) {
				// tag with that ID not found, return false
				return new Array();
			}
			// Set currentContext to contain just this element
			currentContext = new Array(element);
			continue; // Skip to next token
		}
		if (token.indexOf('.') > -1) {
			// Token contains a class selector
			var bits = token.split('.');
			var tagName = bits[0];
			var className = bits[1];
			if (!tagName) {
				tagName = '*';
			}
			// Get elements matching tag, filter them for class selector
			var found = new Array;
			var foundCount = 0;
			for (var h = 0; h < currentContext.length; h++) {
				var elements;
				if (tagName == '*') {
						elements = getAllChildren(currentContext[h]);
				} else {
						elements = currentContext[h].getElementsByTagName(tagName);
				}
				for (var j = 0; j < elements.length; j++) {
					found[foundCount++] = elements[j];
				}
			}
			currentContext = new Array;
			var currentContextIndex = 0;
			for (var k = 0; k < found.length; k++) {
				if (found[k].className && found[k].className.match(new RegExp('\\b'+className+'\\b'))) {
					currentContext[currentContextIndex++] = found[k];
				}
			}
			continue; // Skip to next token
		}
		// Code to deal with attribute selectors
		if (token.match(/^(\w*)\[(\w+)([=~\|\^\$\*]?)=?"?([^\]"]*)"?\]$/)) {
			var tagName = RegExp.$1;
			var attrName = RegExp.$2;
			var attrOperator = RegExp.$3;
			var attrValue = RegExp.$4;
			if (!tagName) {
				tagName = '*';
			}
			// Grab all of the tagName elements within current context
			var found = new Array;
			var foundCount = 0;
			for (var h = 0; h < currentContext.length; h++) {
				var elements;
				if (tagName == '*') {
						elements = getAllChildren(currentContext[h]);
				} else {
						elements = currentContext[h].getElementsByTagName(tagName);
				}
				for (var j = 0; j < elements.length; j++) {
					found[foundCount++] = elements[j];
				}
			}
			currentContext = new Array;
			var currentContextIndex = 0;
			var checkFunction; // This function will be used to filter the elements
			switch (attrOperator) {
				case '=': // Equality
					checkFunction = function(e) { return (e.getAttribute(attrName) == attrValue); };
					break;
				case '~': // Match one of space seperated words 
					checkFunction = function(e) { return (e.getAttribute(attrName).match(new RegExp('\\b'+attrValue+'\\b'))); };
					break;
				case '|': // Match start with value followed by optional hyphen
					checkFunction = function(e) { return (e.getAttribute(attrName).match(new RegExp('^'+attrValue+'-?'))); };
					break;
				case '^': // Match starts with value
					checkFunction = function(e) { return (e.getAttribute(attrName).indexOf(attrValue) == 0); };
					break;
				case '$': // Match ends with value - fails with "Warning" in Opera 7
					checkFunction = function(e) { return (e.getAttribute(attrName).lastIndexOf(attrValue) == e.getAttribute(attrName).length - attrValue.length); };
					break;
				case '*': // Match ends with value
					checkFunction = function(e) { return (e.getAttribute(attrName).indexOf(attrValue) > -1); };
					break;
				default :
					// Just test for existence of attribute
					checkFunction = function(e) { return e.getAttribute(attrName); };
			}
			currentContext = new Array;
			var currentContextIndex = 0;
			for (var k = 0; k < found.length; k++) {
				if (checkFunction(found[k])) {
					currentContext[currentContextIndex++] = found[k];
				}
			}
			// alert('Attribute Selector: '+tagName+' '+attrName+' '+attrOperator+' '+attrValue);
			continue; // Skip to next token
		}
		// If we get here, token is JUST an element (not a class or ID selector)
		tagName = token;
		var found = new Array;
		var foundCount = 0;
		for (var h = 0; h < currentContext.length; h++) {
			var elements = currentContext[h].getElementsByTagName(tagName);
			for (var j = 0; j < elements.length; j++) {
				found[foundCount++] = elements[j];
			}
		}
		currentContext = found;
	}
	return currentContext;
}



/* That revolting regular expression explained 
/^(\w+)\[(\w+)([=~\|\^\$\*]?)=?"?([^\]"]*)"?\]$/
	\---/	\---/\-------------/		\-------/
		|			|				 |							 |
		|			|				 |					 The value
		|			|		~,|,^,$,* or =
		|	 Attribute 
	 Tag
*/